Nov 23, 2018 electrochemical machining ecm, laser beam machining lbm. Laser beam welding process principle, advantages, disadvantages principles. Here, it becomes vital to discuss various types of lasers that can be used for laser beam machining. In this machining process metal is removed by melting and vaporization of metal particle from surface of work piece. Working principles of laser cutting machine working principles of laser cutting machine laser cutting machine is now the most advanced mechanical processing equipment, laser is first used in the field of mechanical processing, brought unprecedented promotion to the development of mechanical processing.
A very high energy laser beam is produced by the laser machines. Laser beam machining lbm is one of the most widely used thermal energy based noncontact type advance machining process which can be applied for almost whole range of materials. When the laser beam strikes the surface of the wp, the thermal energy of the laser beam is transferred to the surface of the wp. When cutting mild steel, the heat of the laser beam is enough to start a typical oxyfuel burning process, and the laser cutting gas will be pure oxygen, just like an oxyfuel torch. Parts, working principle, applications and limitations. The laser beam which generated by laser device transmitted through a series of the reflector, then focus on the workpiece surface by focus lens and produce local heat at the focal point, to cause the hot spot of the workpiece to melt or vaporize to form a slot. A laser beam is a nonconventional machining method in which the operation performed by the laser.
Laser beam machining principle, working, advantages and. This is a different process from electric discharge, electron beam, laser beam and plasma arc machining. This laser beam produced is focused on the workpiece to be machined. In an electron beam machining, the electrons strike the workpiece with a high velocity. May 04, 2017 laser beam welding equipment, principle, working with advantages and disadvantages may 4, 2017 september 27, 2019 email protected 49 comments laser beam welding is a fusion welding process in which two metal pieces are joined together by the use of laser. The laser light is so high powered, that when focused, it raises the temperature of the material to be cut high enough to melt or vaporize the material, in. Laser beam machining lbm is a form of machining process in which laser beam is used for the machining of metallic and nonmetallic. Lasers can also have high temporal coherence, which allows them to emit light with a very narrow spectrum, i.
The laser stand for light stimulated emission of radiation. The process is different from electric discharge, electron beam, laser and plasma arc machining in that the process does not depend on heating of the workpiece to the point of evaporation. Laser beam can very easily be focused using optical lenses as their wavelength ranges from half micron to around 70 microns. View and download powerpoint presentations on electron beam machining ppt. Laser beam machining lbm principle, construction and. Production of laser beam and with the use of lasers slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Mar 17, 2016 electron beam machining ebm is a thermal process. Conversion of electrical energy into heat energy to emit laser beam laser beam is focused over a particular area on workpiece which creates high intensified concentration on work piece because of which the work piece melts, thus giving the required shape. In this video we have explained working of laser beam machining process, we have seen the working principle. This will generate high heat energy and melts and vaporize metal from work piece. It offers its competences from macro machining to micro and nano machining of simpletocomplex shapes. Apr 21, 2015 working of laser beam machining process. This process uses thermal energy to remove material from metallic or nonmetallic sur.
Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about electron beam machining ppt. Main parts, principle, working with application april 11, 2020 april 11, 2020 suman kumar paul laser beam machining lbm is a method of machining that uses laser beam to mill metal and nonmetallic materials. The principle of ion beam machining is, it consists of bombarding the work with accelerated ion which collides with the surface atoms of the work. Laser beam machining is highly flexible machining system when it combines with multiaxis work positioning system or robot. Conversion of electrical energy into heat energy to emit laser beam.
Laser beam machining lbm is a thermal energy based advanced machining process in which the material is removed by i melting, ii vaporization, and iii chemical degradation chemical bonds are broken which causes the materials to degrade. Laser beam machining lbm principle, construction and working. Laser beam machining working it works on the theory that if the workpiece is struck by a highintensity laser beam. Laser beam is focussed for melting and vaporizing the unwanted material from the parent material. Laser beam welding equipment, principle, working with. The laser beams heat energy is passed to the w p surface. The shaped tool under the actions of mechanical vibration causes the abrasive particles dipped in slurry to be hammered on the stationary workpiece. A lot of people to the laser cutting machine is not very understanding, most of whom were heard someone mentioned in the peer, but dont know what was the basic working principle, let us give you a detailed explanation. But the most commonly used ones are the gas type, solid state lasers, and excimer lasers. Notes on electron beam machining ebm me mechanical. Laser beam machining is a thermal machining process which uses laser beam to produce heat. The working principle of laser machining is, laser beam machining.
Apr 11, 2020 working principle laser beam machining working. Laser beam welding lbw is a fusion joining process that produces coalescence of materials with the heat obtained from a concentrated beam of coherent, monochromatic light impinging on the joint to be welded. The heat energy absorbed by the surface heat absorbs the material from the w p and sprays it. Laser beam machining lbm kcg college of technology. Today we will study definition, working process, principle, advantages, application with pdf. The heat energy so produced is used to melt and vaporize the materials from the wp. Mar 30, 2017 today we will learn about laser beam machining principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram. The process used thermal energy to remove material from a metallic surface. As the name implies in laser beam machining the source of energy is the laser light amplification by simulated emission of radiation. Principle of laser beam welding this machining process works on basic property of laser. Each bombarding ions, as a result of the collision, dislodges the surface layer. In the last class, we had discussed about electrical discharge machining, ultrasonic machining etc. The principle of a laser can be explained as follows. When a quantum of energy from a light source is made to fall on this medium, it causes absorption of radiation by the atoms of the medium.
For the laser to produce a beam of light, the nitrogen atoms must lose their excited state by releasing energy in the form of photons. Laser beam machining lbm is a non conventional machining manufacturing process, a form of machining, in which a laser is directed towards the work piece. The working principle of the laser cutting machine. It is a nontraditional machining process in which no physical tool is used. The laser beam s heat energy is passed to the w p surface. As the electron strikes the workpiece, the kinetic energy of the electron changes into heat energy. Ion beam machining or etching is generally a surface finishing process in which the material removal takes place by sputtering of ions. Laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. This process uses thermal energy to remove material from metallic or nonmetallic surfaces. The mechanism of material removal during laser beam machining includes different stages such as melting. When cutting stainless steel or aluminum, the laser beam simply melts the material, and high pressure nitrogen is used to blow the molten metal out of the kerf. Laser beam is focused over a particular area on workpiece which creates high intensified concentration on work piece because of which the work piece melts, thus giving the required shape. Depending upon the intensity of heating the workpiece can melt and vaporize. A laser cutting machine works by focussing a beam of laser light onto a piece of material.
Mar 31, 2017 today we will learn about electron beam machining principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram. Laser beam machining main parts, principle, working with. Laser beam machining lbm has proven its applications and advantages over almost all the range of engineering materials. Key principle behind the operation of laser was first published in 1917 by albert.
Electrochemical machiningecm, laser beam machininglbm. Laser beam machining an overview sciencedirect topics. Let us consider that the atoms of a medium for example, a ruby crystal rod are at the ground state. Laser beam machining lbm is a non conventional machining manufacturing process, a form of machining, in which a laser is directed towards the work piece for machining. Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to stay narrow over great distances collimation, enabling applications such as laser pointers and lidar. Chemical degradation when a high energy density of the laser beam is focused on the work surface, thermal energy is absorbed which heats and transforms the work volume into a molten, vaporized or chemically changed state that can be easily removed by the flow of high pressure. Working, advantages, limitations, applications, laser projects, pdf. Electron beam machining is same as laser beam machining process in which except laser, high speed electron beam impinges on work piece. Working principle of ultrasonic machining or ultrasonic impact grinding is described with the help of a schematic diagram.
At this point, the laser achieves a state called population inversion, the point at which a system has more excited particles than nonexcited ones. Einstein when he hypothesized that under the proper conditions light energy of. Its one kind of non traditional or advanced manufacturing process. Nov 23, 2014 laser beam welding process in general cases heat is required to fuse the metals for any types of welding, in laser beam welding process the heat is obtained from the application of a concentrated coherent light beam which striking upon the weld metal and melt the metal, such this weld joint is obtained, this welding process is called laser welding.
It works on the theory that if the workpiece is struck by a highintensity laser beam. Thus, lbm can be adapted with automation, and n laser beam machining provides a wide range of material processing techniques ranging from drilling, cutting, grooving, scribing, marking, cleaning and turning etc. Lecture video 18 of advanced machining processes course by prof vijay k. Here today we are going to study definition, working process, principle, advantages, disadvantages, and application. Laser machining can be used to cut and remove material from even the hardest material present which is damond. Ion beam machining is generally a surface finishing process in which the material removal takes place by sputtering of ions. Here a steam of high speed electrons impinges on the work surface so that the kinetic energy of electrons is transferred to work producing intense heating. The laser beam machining is a nonconventional matching method. Laser beam machining lbm working principle advantages. May 02, 2017 laser beam machining main parts, principle, working with application may 2, 2017 december 26, 2018 pankaj mishra 2 comments manufacturing processes laser beam machining lbm is a form of machining process in which laser beam is used for the machining of metallic and nonmetallic materials. Chemical degradation when a high energy density of the laser beam is focused on the work surface, thermal energy is absorbed which heats and transforms the work volume into a molten, vaporized or chemically changed state that can be easily removed by the flow of high pressure assist gas jet.
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